A Diurnal Rhythm in Brown Adipose Tissue Causes Rapid Clearance and Combustion of Plasma Lipids at Wakening.

Many favorable metabolic effects have been attributed to thermogenic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Yet, time of day has rarely been considered in this field of research. Here, we show that a diurnal rhythm in BAT activity regulates plasma lipid metabolism. We observed a high-amplitude rhythm in fatty acid uptake by BAT that synchronized with the light/dark cycle. Highest uptake was found at the onset of the active period, which coincided with high lipoprotein lipase expression and low angiopoietin-like 4 expression by BAT. Diurnal rhythmicity in BAT activity determined the rate at which lipids were cleared from the circulation, thereby imposing the daily rhythm in plasma lipid concentrations. In mice as well as humans, postprandial lipid excursions were nearly absent at waking. We anticipate that diurnal BAT activity is an important factor to consider when studying the therapeutic potential of promoting BAT activity.

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Title	A Diurnal Rhythm in Brown Adipose Tissue Causes Rapid Clearance and Combustion of Plasma Lipids at Wakening.
Date	March 27th, 2018
Issue name	Cell reports
Issue number	v22.13:3521-3533
DOI	10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.004
PubMed	29590620
Authors	van den Berg R, Kooijman S, Noordam R, Ramkisoensing A, Abreu-Vieira G, Tambyrajah LL, Dijk W, Ruppert P, Mol IM, Kramar B, Caputo R, Puig LS, de Ruiter EM, Kroon J, Hoekstra M, van der Sluis RJ, Meijer OC, Willems van Dijk K, van Kerkhof LWM, Christodoulides C, Karpe F, Gerhart-Hines Z, Kersten S, Meijer JH, Coomans CP, van Heemst D, Biermasz NR & Rensen PCN
Keywords	APOE(∗)3-Leiden.CETP mice, angiopoietin-like 4, brown adipose tissue, circadian rhythm, diurnal rhythm, fatty acids, lipoprotein lipase, postprandial lipid response, triglycerides
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